Network Tools
Here is an ASCII Subnet Mask Reference which I have found useful. Also check out www.subnetmask.info for an excellent web based subnet calculator! Below is a quick reference table that has saved me countless hours with subnet calculators! :)
| Subnet Mask | Bits | Subnets | Hex Mask | Host Bits | Hosts | Network | IP Range | Broadcast |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 255.0.0.0 | 8 | 1 | 0xFF000000 | 16777216 | ||||
| 255.128.0.0 | 9 | 2 | 0xFF800000 | 8388608 | ||||
| 255.192.0.0 | 10 | 4 | 0xFFD00000 | 4194304 | ||||
| 255.224.0.0 | 11 | 8 | 0xFFE00000 | 2097152 | ||||
| 255.240.0.0 | 12 | 16 | 0xFFF00000 | 1048576 | ||||
| 255.248.0.0 | 13 | 32 | 0xFFF80000 | 524288 | ||||
| 255.252.0.0 | 14 | 64 | 0xFFFD0000 | 262144 | ||||
| 255.254.0.0 | 15 | 128 | 0xFFFE0000 | 131072 | ||||
| 255.255.0.0 | 16 | 256 | 0xFFFF0000 | 65536 | ||||
| 255.255.128.0 | 17 | 512 | 0xFFFF8000 | 32768 | ||||
| 255.255.192.0 | 18 | 1024 | 0xFFFFD000 | 16384 | ||||
| 255.255.224.0 | 19 | 2048 | 0xFFFFE000 | 8192 | ||||
| 255.255.240.0 | 20 | 4096 | 0xFFFFF000 | 4096 | ||||
| 255.255.248.0 | 21 | 8192 | 0xFFFFF800 | 2048 | ||||
| 255.255.252.0 | 22 | 16384 | 0xFFFFFD00 | 1024 | ||||
| 255.255.254.0 | 23 | 32768 | 0xFFFFFE00 | 512 | ||||
| Subnet Mask | Bits | Subnets | Hex Mask | Host Bits | Hosts | Network | IP Range | Broadcast |
| 255.255.255.0 | 24 | 1 | 0xFFFFFF0 | 8 | 254 | .0 | .1-.254 | .255 |
| 255.255.255.128 | 25 | 2 | 0xFFFFF80 | 7 | 126 | .0 | .1-.126 | .127 |
| .128 | .129-.254 | .255 | ||||||
| 255.255.255.192 | 26 | 4 | 0xFFFFFC0 | 6 | 62 | .0 | .1-.62 | .63 |
| .64 | .65-.126 | .127 | ||||||
| .128 | .129-.190 | .191 | ||||||
| .192 | .193-.254 | .255 | ||||||
| 255.255.255.224 | 27 | 8 | 0xFFFFFE0 | 5 | 30 | .0 | .1-.30 | .31 |
| .32 | .33-.62 | .63 | ||||||
| .64 | .65-.94 | .95 | ||||||
| .96 | .97-.126 | .127 | ||||||
| .128 | .129-.158 | .159 | ||||||
| .160 | .161-.190 | .191 | ||||||
| .192 | .193-.222 | .223 | ||||||
| .224 | .225-.254 | .255 | ||||||
| Subnet Mask | Bits | Subnets | Hex Mask | Host Bits | Hosts | Network | IP Range | Broadcast |
| 255.255.255.240 | 28 | 16 | 0xFFFFFF0 | 4 | 14 | .0 | .1-.14 | .15 |
| .16 | .17-.30 | .31 | ||||||
| .32 | .33-.46 | .47 | ||||||
| .48 | .49-.62 | .63 | ||||||
| .64 | .65-.78 | .79 | ||||||
| .80 | .81-.94 | .95 | ||||||
| .96 | .97-.110 | .111 | ||||||
| .112 | .113-.126 | .127 | ||||||
| .128 | .129-.142 | .143 | ||||||
| .144 | .145-.158 | .159 | ||||||
| .160 | .161-.174 | .175 | ||||||
| .176 | .177-.190 | .191 | ||||||
| .192 | .193-.206 | .207 | ||||||
| .208 | .209-.222 | .223 | ||||||
| .224 | .225-.238 | .239 | ||||||
| .240 | .241-.254 | .255 | ||||||
| Subnet Mask | Bits | Subnets | Hex Mask | Host Bits | Hosts | Network | IP Range | Broadcast |
| 255.255.255.248 | 29 | 32 | 0xFFFFFF8 | 3 | 6 | .0 | .1-.6 | .7 |
| .8 | .9-.14 | .15 | ||||||
| .16 | .17-.22 | .23 | ||||||
| .24 | .25-.30 | .31 | ||||||
| .32 | .33-.38 | .39 | ||||||
| .40 | .41-.46 | .47 | ||||||
| .48 | .49-.54 | .55 | ||||||
| .56 | .57-.62 | .63 | ||||||
| .64 | .65-.70 | .71 | ||||||
| .72 | .73-.78 | .79 | ||||||
| .80 | .81-.86 | .87 | ||||||
| .88 | .89-.94 | .95 | ||||||
| .96 | .97-.102 | .103 | ||||||
| .104 | .105-.110 | .111 | ||||||
| .112 | .113-.118 | .119 | ||||||
| .120 | .121-.126 | .127 | ||||||
| .128 | .129-.134 | .135 | ||||||
| .136 | .137-.142 | .143 | ||||||
| .144 | .145-.150 | .151 | ||||||
| .152 | .153-.158 | .159 | ||||||
| .160 | .161-.166 | .167 | ||||||
| .168 | .169-.174 | .175 | ||||||
| .176 | .177-.182 | .183 | ||||||
| .184 | .185-.190 | .191 | ||||||
| .192 | .193-.198 | .199 | ||||||
| .200 | .201-.206 | .207 | ||||||
| .208 | .209-.214 | .215 | ||||||
| .216 | .217-.222 | .223 | ||||||
| .224 | .225-.230 | .231 | ||||||
| .232 | .233-.238 | .239 | ||||||
| .240 | .241-.246 | .247 | ||||||
| .248 | .249-.254 | .255 | ||||||
| Subnet Mask | Bits | Subnets | Hex Mask | Host Bits | Hosts | Network | IP Range | Broadcast |
| 255.255.255.252 | 30 | 64 | 0xFFFFFFC | 2 | 2 | .0 | .1-.2 | .3 |
| .4 | .5-.6 | .7 | ||||||
| .8 | .9-.10 | .11 | ||||||
| .12 | .13-.14 | .15 | ||||||
| .16 | .17-.18 | .19 | ||||||
| .20 | .21-.22 | .23 | ||||||
| .24 | .25-.26 | .27 | ||||||
| .28 | .29-.30 | .31 | ||||||
| .32 | .33-.34 | .35 | ||||||
| .36 | .37-.38 | .39 | ||||||
| .40 | .41-.42 | .43 | ||||||
| .44 | .45-.46 | .47 | ||||||
| .48 | .49-.50 | .51 | ||||||
| .52 | .53-.54 | .55 | ||||||
| .56 | .57-.58 | .59 | ||||||
| .60 | .61-.62 | .63 | ||||||
| .64 | .65-.66 | .67 | ||||||
| .68 | .69-.70 | .71 | ||||||
| .72 | .73-.74 | .75 | ||||||
| .76 | .77-.78 | .79 | ||||||
| .80 | .81-.82 | .83 | ||||||
| .84 | .85-.86 | .87 | ||||||
| .88 | .89-.90 | .91 | ||||||
| .92 | .93-.94 | .95 | ||||||
| .96 | .97-.98 | .99 | ||||||
| .100 | .101-.102 | .103 | ||||||
| .104 | .105-.106 | .107 | ||||||
| .108 | .109-.110 | .111 | ||||||
| .112 | .113-.114 | .115 | ||||||
| .116 | .117-.118 | .119 | ||||||
| .120 | .121-.122 | .123 | ||||||
| .124 | .125-.126 | .127 | ||||||
| .128 | .129-.130 | .131 | ||||||
| .132 | .133-.134 | .135 | ||||||
| .136 | .137-.138 | .139 | ||||||
| .140 | .141-.142 | .143 | ||||||
| .144 | .145-.146 | .147 | ||||||
| .148 | .149-.150 | .151 | ||||||
| .152 | .153-.154 | .155 | ||||||
| .156 | .157-.158 | .159 | ||||||
| .160 | .161-.162 | .163 | ||||||
| .164 | .165-.166 | .167 | ||||||
| .168 | .169-.170 | .171 | ||||||
| .172 | .173-.174 | .175 | ||||||
| .176 | .177-.178 | .179 | ||||||
| .180 | .181-.182 | .183 | ||||||
| .184 | .185-.186 | .187 | ||||||
| .188 | .189-.190 | .191 | ||||||
| .192 | .193-.194 | .195 | ||||||
| .196 | .197-.198 | .199 | ||||||
| .200 | .201-.202 | .203 | ||||||
| .204 | .205-.206 | .207 | ||||||
| .208 | .209-.210 | .211 | ||||||
| .212 | .213-.214 | .215 | ||||||
| .216 | .217-.218 | .219 | ||||||
| .220 | .221-.222 | .223 | ||||||
| .224 | .225-.226 | .227 | ||||||
| .228 | .229-.230 | .231 | ||||||
| .232 | .233-.234 | .235 | ||||||
| .236 | .237-.238 | .239 | ||||||
| .240 | .241-.242 | .243 | ||||||
| .244 | .245-.246 | .247 | ||||||
| .248 | .249-.250 | .251 | ||||||
| .252 | .253-.254 | .255 | ||||||
| Subnet Mask | Bits | Subnets | Hex Mask | Host Bits | Hosts | Network | IP Range | Broadcast |
| 255.255.255.255 | 32 | 255 | 0xFFFFFFF | 0 | 1 | |||